The European Union and United States firmed their collaboration on critical minerals, signing a Memorandum of Understanding to enhance supply chain diversity and bolster national security. US Secretary of State Marco Rubio emphasised the importance of a broadening mineral base to mitigate risks associated with over-concentration in specific regions.

EU leaders have committed to enhancing security and economic ties with Middle East partners while advocating for a diplomatic resolution to the Iran war. Talks in Cyprus included discussions on rising energy prices due to the conflict and the potential formation of a multinational force to secure the Strait of Hormuz.